Mars Facts

Our solar system is huge and includes many planets, moons, comets, asteroids, miniature planets. The main idea of ​​our solar system was proposed by Nicholas Copernicus (1473–1543) and he also proposed that the Sun is at the center of the universe, while planets revolve around it. Let us reveal some important facts and information about the planet Mars where human life can be expected to live in the coming years.


1. Mars is the second smallest planet in the solar system after Mercury. And this is the fourth planet from the Sun (order of planets from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto (dwarf planets).



2. Mars is also known as "Red Planet" because it contains high amount of Iron Oxide which makes it red.

3. The atmosphere of Mars is Thin.

4. Mars has only two moons as compared to Uranus's 27 planets. These are named: Phobos and Deimos. These moons are small and irregular in shape.

5. The structure of the Core of Mars is not yet known to scientists and exploration work is going on. It is not yet certain whether the core of the planet is solid, liquid or composed of two distinct layers. The maximum pressure of Mar’s core is expected to be 400,000 times the pressure of Earth's atmosphere at sea level.

6. If we compare the density of Mars with the Earth, we will find that it is 100 times less than the Earth.

7. The atmospheric pressure on the surface of Mars is low which is why liquid water cannot exist on its surface for a long time.

8. Mars takes twice as long as the Earth to complete a circle around the Sun.

9. Do you know that the giant Jupiter has the ability to affect the orbit of Mars? Due to its massive mass, Jupiter makes some changes in the orbit of Mars.

10. The orbit of Mars and Earth are also not in the same surface. There is some degree of bending between the orbits of two neighboring planets.

9. Opposition is a situation when a planet and the sun are directly opposite to the earth. In the Opposition of Mars, Mars and the Sun are directly opposite to the Earth. Also, know the fact that the 2003 Opposition was the closest in nearly 60,000 years! And according to calculations, this record will be broken in the year 2287.

12. There is enough snow on the polar regions of Mars. If the ice at its south pole melts, the resulting water will be sufficient to cover the entire surface of the planet to a depth of 11 meters. Apart from Earth, Mars is the only other planet that has polar ice ice caps. It is called Northern Cap.

13. Solar Conjunction is a term used to describe the arrival of the Sun between Earth and Mars. When this happens, communication between spacecraft on Mars and Earth is greatly reduced.

14. Do you know that the ancient Babylonians first started the week and divided it into seven days? He named each day of the week on the seven known bodies in the sky: the Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. Therefore Tuesday is the day of Mars. Mars is also associated with aggression due to the red colored planet.

15. The month of March is also named from Mars (Mars).

16. For four decades now, Mars has been discovered because it is considered a favorable place for human existence. And the signs of water on the planet have supported the belief that human life could exist on this red planet.

17. In 1965, Mariner 4 was the first aircraft to fly to Mars. This spacecraft took 228 days to reach the planet.

18. Many Hollywood films have been made on the theme of Mars, including Flight to Mars- 1951, The Angry Red Planet - 1959 and the famous John Carter - 2012.

19. Mars can be seen with the naked eye at night from the surface of the Earth, due to its red color appearance. The apparent size and brightness of the planet vary depending on the proximity of the Earth to the Earth.

20. Olympus Mons, the highest mountain in the solar system, is on Mars. It is more than 21 km high (almost three times higher than Mount Everest) and more than 600 km in diameter.

21. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) also conducted its orbit for Mars safely on 24 September 2014. By doing this, India became the first country in the world to place a spacecraft into Mars orbit in its first attempt. The mission was launched on 5 November 2013.

22. Scientists have a chance to study the pieces of rock from Mars landing on Earth. A piece of rock orbited the solar system for millions of years and eventually crashed on Earth.

23. In 1960, the first spacecraft was launched for a mission to Mars. However, the mission failed.

24. Mars is more than 142 million miles from the Sun.

25. Mars is a very cold planet. The average temperature on Mars is around minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit - well below freezing point.

26. Due to the presence of red dust on the planet, which is mainly its iron content; When wind blows, dust storms appear for some time. These dust storms can become moist and cover the entire surface of the planet. Interestingly, these dust storms are sometimes seen by telescopes from Earth. Wondering how strong winds are in these storms? Note that 60 mph is the top speed of winds blowing in some of the fastest Martian storms. Also, due to lower atmospheric pressure on Mars than on Earth, things fly away but the intensity is not as high as it is with the same wind speed on Earth.



27. Surface gravity on Mars is only 38% of the surface gravity on Earth, so if you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, you will weigh only 38 pounds on Mars.

28. Viking 1 and Viking 2 are two spacecraft that were sent by NASA to Mars in 1975 for the purpose of studying its surface and collecting important information about its structure and composition. (Launch dates: August 20, 1975 (Viking 1), September 9, 1975 (Viking 2))

29. In 2004, NASA Rovers found evidence of water on the planet. The presence of water on Mars can be a possible sign of survival of living things in the past or present on the planet.

30. Currently, NASA's two rovers Opportunity and Curiosity are exploring the surface of Mars.

31. Perihelion is the term for the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid or comet at which it is closest to the Sun. Mars is at a distance of 206,655,215 kilometers or 1.381 AU when it is closest to the Sun. (AU is an astronomical unit. In simple terms, 1 AU is the average distance between the Sun and Earth.)

32. Aphelion is the term for the point in the orbit of a planet, asteroid or comet at which it is farthest from the Sun. Mars is at a distance of 249,232,432 kilometers when it is farthest from the Sun.

33. The minimum distance between Mars and Earth varies because they do not have perfectly spherical orbits. Instead, they have elliptical orbits. On the other hand, Venus has the most spherical orbit of any planet in the solar system.

34. Galileo Galilei visited Mars in 1609 with an original telescope.

35. NASA plans to build an Earth independent colony on Mars by the end of 2030.

36. Ozone presence on Mars was first discovered in 1971. However, ozone concentrations on Mars are 300 thinner than those on Earth, and this varies over time and space. Currently, scientists have been able to identify three different layers of ozone on the red planet.

37. The amount of land surface available on Mars is approximately equal to that available on Earth.

38. The length of a day on Mars is almost the same as that of the Earth.

39. Dust storms are very intense on Mars. Dust storms can continue to pressurize the planet's surface for months and mostly occur when Mars gets closer to the Sun.

40. Phobos, one of Mars's moons, is expected to either crash into the planet or break into a small ring around the planet over the next 50 million years.

41. All four seasons of Mars are similar to Earth. However, each season on the red planet stays on Earth twice.

42. The longest and deepest valley in the entire solar system is on Mars Valles Marineris. Some main statistics about it: Maximum length - 4000 km, maximum width - 200 km and maximum depth - 7 km. Compared to Grand Canyon, it is 4 times deeper and 6 times longer.

43. Due to Mars' proximity to Earth and the hope of establishing life on it, Mars has been extensively studied and further investigation and exploration of the planet is underway.

44. No human has yet stepped on Mars, while some astronauts including Neil Armstrong landed on the moon decades ago.

45. Elon Musk, the owner of Tesla Motors, wants to see humans on Mars and not only that, they also imagine life on Mars.

46. ​​The success rate of missions launched for exploring Mars is not more than 66%.

47. Sunset is blue on Mars unlike Earth.

48. There is no human population on Mars till date but there are robots living in Red Soil. And there are 7 of them.

49. Mercury, Jupiter, Mars, Saturn and Venus can be seen with the naked eye and not from any other planet.

50. NASA is the only Space Exploration Agency that has so far managed to land on Mars.

51. The diameter of Mars is less than half the diameter of Earth.

52. According to NASA, a round trip from Earth to Mars will take about two and a half years. This also includes the time that astronauts must allow Mars and Earth to re-align for the return voyage.

53. Seek Signs Of Life is an Exploration Agency that NASA is currently following to explore the possibilities of life on Mars in the past or present.

54. In an attempt to discover the possibility of life on Mars, scientists are generally interested in finding evidence of water and organisms.

55. Mars has a system of air, water, ice and geology; In other words, it has an atmosphere, a hydrosphere, a cryosphere, and a lithosphere. It has the necessary systems that characterize our Earth.

56. The magnetic field of Mars stopped four billion years ago. More surprising is that scientists believe that the region may change someday in the future, but it is unlikely.

57. Do you know that scientists have tried to grow plants in soil like on Mars which have been successful in their attempt to grow tomatoes, peas and rye from that soil.

58. In 2016, scientists have discovered a mineral called Tridymite on Mars with the help of an exploration rover. This discovery questions earlier beliefs based on the history of the planet. This fact leads us to believe that the planet underwent more violent and explosive volcanic activity yesterday.

59. Recently worm-like aliens have been spotted on the surface of Mars by NASA JPL's Mars Orbiter. This spacecraft has been orbiting Mars for the last 11 years.